| Zagreus is the subject
of the big New Year Dionysus' games in March, which – after
the Christianization of the population and the adoption of
the Orthodox calendar – are connected with Ash Wednesday
and further with Easter. The rite symbolizes the coming of
the New Year, which replaces the old one and the dance is
the symbol of the Thracian Orphic reorganization of the world.
When the new year replaces the old one, the main rite is
performed by a mime like a mummer. He knows neither the name
of Zagreus, nor the fact that he has the difficult doctrinal
task to be the bearer of these binary oppositions of cosmologic,
mythological and religious and social nature. The actor plays
together with his troop so that the new year be good. The
most archaic rite in the Strandzha Mountain is the so-called
“Nestinari” or brazier dancing. The designation of these
dancers contains the Thracian toponym “asta” or “ asti ”
or “esti-nari”, which means dancing in the fire. The religious
rite is performed by a virgin priestess. The ominous orgiastic
aspect that the priestess gives to all participants is not
part of the doctrine but the mystery is beyond any doubt.
It supports the faith that the cosmic body of the god will
instill in every participant who has been initiated, i.e.
Zagreus falls apart before he becomes one again.
In the Thracian Orphic doctrine, the sawing of the White
Mummer (not wearing a mask) symbolizes the insemination of
the Mother Goddess by her son. Those who are not initiated
can not understand this symbol because they perceive the
sawing as a sign of beginning of a new cycle in nature. This
means that every monument and every rite have dual languages
that can share mythologems and sign but only as a form.
The White Mummer is Dionysus. He is the subject of the celebration.
The rite symbolizes the transition from the old to the new
year but in fact it is a representation of the Thracian Orphic
concept about the reorganization of the world through new
relations between the primary cosmogonic principles (sky
– earth, fire – water). Being the subject of the rite, the
White Mummer bears the dramatic relations between these opposition
couples. |